Cribbing



Nov; 8, 1927,

w. L. MQDANIIEL CRIBBING I MWMM Patented Nov. 8, 1927.-

UNITED STATES 'WILLIAM LYLE MCDANIEL, OI CINCINNATI, OHIO,- ASSIGNOR TO MASSEY CONCRETE PATENT OFFICE.

PRODUCTS CORPORATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA.

CRIBIBING.

-App1 ication filed. December 26 1925. Serial No. 77,805.

The present invention relates to cribbing such as is used in the construction of retain in walls, railway embankments, piers, etc.

It is one of the fundamental objects of my invention to provide an improved cribbing wall and method of erecting the same, em-

ploying in its entire construction but one standardized type of unit. In all of the prior systems of cribbing wall construction with which I am now familiar, it is necessary to employ twoor three or even more diiferent types of units or forms to complete the entire wall. The greater economy obtained through this ability to construct the entire wall with but a single type of unit or form can hardly be estimated. This economy begins at the concrete mixer and continues through each step to the finished wall. Only one type of reinforcement 1s necessary; only one type of mold is. necessary; the single type of unit can be stored awa or packed for shipment w th greater uni ormity and saving of space than can a heterogeneous collection of several different types of units; there is avoided the necessity of accurate computation or appor-' tionment of the number-of stretcher units,

header units, base units, etc. for the erection of a given size wall; the erection of the wall is simplified by avoiding a the necessity of sorting, and the possibility of a shortage of one particular type of umt; and there is no necessity of carrying or returning left-overs of one or more types of units.

By virtue of particular features in the design of the present unit and by the present method of erecting the cribbing from these units, there is effected a considerable saving in' the number of units required for a given size wall (this saving approximating 9% in the case of units of the dimensions hereinafter given).

The use of a single type of unit, and the particular design of this unit, effects a considerable saving in concrete (this approximating 5% when using unitsof the particular dimensions described). f

Another advantage inherent in t present construction of cribbing wall is the fact that the bearing surface at each joint between stretcher units and header units is increased approximately one-third. This per-.

Referring to the accompanying drawing illustratin the completed wall and the method 0 erecting the same:

Fig. 1 is a front elevational View of my improved cribbing wall.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the wall.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating one method of erection, which method has particular application to low walls and Fig. 4 is a similar view illustrating another method of erection which has particular application to high walls.

The one single type of unit 10 used throughout the entire wall consists of a long bar portion 11 of oblongsection. To

differentiate between the difierent sides of this bar portion I have designated therelatively narrow edge surfaces e, and the relatively wide side surfaces 8.

Extending from the ends of this unit are flanges or lugs 12 which project from the relatively wide side surfaces of the bar portion. The relatively narrow edge surfaces extend flush out to the very extremity of the units at both ends, thus, viewed from one of the edges e the flanges or lugs 12 form T shaped heads on the ends of the unit, and viewed from the relatively wide side 8 the side edges of the unit extend parallel throughout the entire length of the unit.

of the ,number of units required for a wall of given height. y

The unit is substantially 6 feet long. The oblong bar portion 11 has a width across its edge surfaces e of 4 inches and a width across its side surfaces 8 of 8 inches. The flanges or lugs 12 project or rise 1 inch from the wide side surfaces 8 of the bar ortion,

and these flanges extend back from t e ends of the bar to a depth of 4 inches. It will be understood that these dimensions are mere- 1y exemplary of relative proportions and can be varied as desired, but these relative dimensions secure the advantages pointed out above to the fullest measure.

Referrin to the method or methods of erecting cr1 bing walls with this single type of unit, Fig. 3 illustrates the method of erection which I employ for erecting com paratively low cribbing walls. Two parallel rows of units are first laid on the ground end to end and with the narrow ed 6 surfaces 0 resting on the ound. The en s are placed substantially in contact and the joints of one row are laced exactl opposite .the joints in the ot er row. T ese units thus occu y the relation of stretcher units and accor mgly have been designated 10-:

- in Figs. 1 and 2.

Across these two rows of stretcher units, at each air of 'oints, is then placed another I unit, w ich umt occupies the relation of a header unit and accordingly has been desi ated 10-h. These header units are p aced with their wide side surfaces 8 horizontal and resting on the upper surfaces'of the stretcher units. The two rows of stretcher units are spaced the proper distance so that the flanges. or lugs 12 of the header units will just hook over the .1 heads of thestretcher units, thereby locking the two rows of stretcher units-against separation.

- Each header unit is laced centrally over its -respective 'oint wit half of-the flange 12 ends; In. the absence'of such flanged ends "the header units would merely have a bearon each si e of the joint so that the flange holdsboth adjacent stretcher units against outward separation relative to each other.

vUpon these header units is now placed another .tier or layer of stretcher units 10-h Thereafter anothen in front and rear rows. set of header units is then placed across this upper layer of stretcher units, as before described, and this process is repeated until the wall has reac ed the desired height. 'The earth or gravel fill is then dumped behind the wall, whereby the entire series of units is bonded together. by. the anchoring action of this fill. i

It will be observed that a unique cooperation exists between-the header units and the stretcher units at each of the joints by virtue of the stretcher units having the flanged ing surface across the'comparatively narrow surfaces e, which are only of a- 4 inch wi th. The flanged ends 12, however, increase the width of these stretcher units at their ends one inch on each side so that the total efiective bearing surface of these stretcher units is 6 inches-instead of 4 inches, or an increase of 33 in bearing surface. By reason of the fact that these flanges extend to a depth of 4 inches from the ends of the stretcher units, which is inst ene-haif units upright, or with their narrow of the width of the side surfaces 8 of the header units, the two abutting flanged ends of the stretcher units provide a. coextensive bearing surface extending across the entire width of the 8 inch side surface s of the header unit. This also brings the flange edges 12 of-the stretcher units is alignment with theedge surfaces of the header units down the entire face of the wall, improving the general appearance of the walL- In Fig. 4 I have illustrated a method which can be employed where relatively high walls are to be erected. According to this method, instead of placing the stretliler 8 surfaces horizontal, they are placed with their relatively wide side'surfaces horizontal. The header units are placed on these rows of stretcher units as before described. This method of erection utilizes the entire width of the stretcher unit for giving bearing area to the header units, thus obtaining an 8'inch width of-bearing area transversely of the stretcher unit instead of a 6 inch width of bearing area. The combined depth of the two flanged ends of the adjacent stretcher unit-s equals the 8 inch dimension of the header unit and affords bearing area equal to the width of the header unit.

With this method of erection, the flan ends on the stretcher units afford an tional rise of 2 inches not available from.

plain stretcher bars, without diminishing the extent of bearing contact between the stretcher units and the header units.

Where a secondary or supplementary course or stretchers is desired in the rear of the first two courses, such as shown in Fig. 2, this additional course of stretchers may be erected concurrently with the outer two courses. The joints, however, in this third course of stretchers are preferably ofiset relative to the 'oints in the first two courses of stretcher-s. y this effect relation, header units 10-4 can be hooked over the stretcher units ofthe second course at points intermediate the ends of these stretcher units and the opposite ends of these header units can be placed over the joints of the rear course of stretcher units. This method of joining the third course of stretcher units to the first two courses will be apparent from Figs. 3 and 4.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by ters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a cribbing wall constructed entirety of one of standard unit serving bo as a hea r unit and as a stretcher unit, said unit consisting of a bar portion of relati narrow thickness and relatively wide bread surfaces of e bar, the combine on of Ill ing over the flanged ends -of said stretcher.

umts.

2. In a cribbing wall constructed entirely of a single type of standard unit serving both as a header unit and as a stretcher unit,-

said unit consisting of a bar portion of relatively narrow thickness and relatively wide breadth and having outwardly projecting flanges at both ends of said bar from the relative wide side surfaces ofsaid bar, the combination of a plurality of said units placed end to end in the relation of stretcher units with a plurality of the same units extending transversely to the first named units .in the relation of headerunits, the said header units having. their projecting flanges extending downward beyond the edges of said stretcher units, and said header units being laid upon said stretcher units at the joints thereof.

3. A cribbing wall constructed of one type of standard unit serving both as a header unit and as a stretcher unit consisting of a bar portion of oblong cross section, having relatively narrow edge surfaces and relatively wideside surfaces with. flanges projecting from said wide side surfaces at the ends of the bar, said units being laid end to end to form rows of stretcher units, tiers of such units extending transversely of the wall with each unit lying between upper and lower rows of stretcher units in the relation of header units, said header units having their wide side surfaces lying horizontally across the ends of adjacent stretcher units and with their upward and downward projecting flanges hooking over the ends of said stretcher units.

4. A cribbing wall constructed entirely of one type of standard unit serving both as a header unit and as a stretcher unit, consist- "ing of a bar portion of oblong section having edge surfaces of substantially one-half. the width of the side surfaces of said bar portion and with flanges projecting from said wide side surfaces at the ends of the bar and to a depth from the ends thereof of approximately one-half the width ofisaid side surfaces, said units being placed end to end in rows in the relation of stretcher units, tiers of such units extending transversely ofthe wall with each unit lying between upper and lower rows of stretcher units in the relation of header units, having their wide side surfaces lying horizontally on the bear' surfaces defined by the' flanged ends 0 said stretcher units and with the upward and downward projecting flanges on the said header units hooking over the ends of said stretcher units. In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 18th dog of December, 1925. WILLIAM YLE' McDANIEL. 

